Sub Topics:Gynecology and Obstetrics
Gynecology and Obstetrics is a medical specialty...
Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (REI) is a subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology focused...
Labor is the process by which the body prepares for and initiates childbirth. It typically begins with regular uterine contractions that become stronger, longer, and closer together over time. Labor is divided into three main stages:
Early and Active Labor (Stage 1): The cervix gradually dilates and effaces (thins out) to prepare for the baby’s passage.
Delivery of the Baby (Stage 2): Once the cervix is fully dilated (10 cm), the mother begins pushing, leading to the birth of the baby.
Delivery of the Placenta (Stage 3): After the baby is born, the placenta is delivered.
Labor can vary in length and intensity from one person to another and may be spontaneous or induced. Pain management options such as breathing techniques, epidurals, or other medications may be used to support comfort during labor.
Delivery refers to the actual birth of the baby during the second stage of labor. It involves guiding the baby out of the birth canal, either through:
Vaginal Delivery: The most common method, involving natural passage through the cervix and vagina.
Assisted Vaginal Delivery: May involve tools like forceps or a vacuum if needed.
Cesarean Section (C-Section): A surgical procedure used when a vaginal delivery poses risks to the mother or baby.
The delivery process is supported by medical professionals to ensure the safety and well-being of both mother and child. After the baby is born, immediate care includes clearing airways, cutting the umbilical cord, and assessing the baby's health using the APGAR score.